HYDROFLUOROCARBON 227EA (apaflurane)
See the summary at the top of this page. CosIng, Annex II of Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 (prohibited substances), Consulted on 23 October 2026.
Official label name (INCIInternational name of cosmetic ingredients: the one printed on the pack. name, EU glossary of cosmetic ingredient names), No 12348
Who it concerns
What official classifications and rules say for each group. A classification describes the hazard of the pure substance, not the risk of a product that contains it, which depends on the dose and the exposure.
Prohibition or serious classificationThe text prohibits the substance for this use, or ranks it among the most serious hazards (known or presumed carcinogenic, mutagenic or reprotoxic, identified endocrine disruptor).Worth watchingThe text sets a condition or flags a hazard worth knowing: allergen, suspected effect, condition for children, hazard to the aquatic environment.For informationOfficial information with no condition on a finished product: warning to read, irritation of the pure substance.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
No classification harmonised by the European Union covers reproduction, the unborn child or breastfeeding for this substance. This does not mean it has been judged to have no effect during pregnancy.
Babies and children
The Cosmetics Regulation sets no age-related condition for this ingredient.
Skin, eyes and allergies
No harmonised classification for sensitisation, irritation or eye damage, and no obligation to label it as an allergen.
Environment
No harmonised classification as hazardous to the aquatic environment, and no EU act identifies it as an endocrine disruptor for the environment.
Read on the label
The Cosmetics Regulation requires no warning to be printed for this ingredient.
In plain words
What it is used for
Functions declared by manufacturers:
The functions and their explanations appear in the summary.
Functions declared in the CosIngThe European Commission's database of cosmetic ingredients. inventory. CosIng, inventory of cosmetic ingredients (INCI names, CAS, EC, functions), retrieved 21 October 2026.
CosIng, list of cosmetic functions, retrieved 30 October 2026; source text read on 30 October 2026.
What the rules say
No EU rule targets this ingredient specifically. It remains subject to the general rule: every product must undergo a safety assessment before it is sold (Article 10 of Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009), under the manufacturer's responsibility.
See the summary at the top of this page.
What we know about this ingredient
Uses
... HFC 227ea can be used as ... /a propellant/ in medicinal aerosols instead of CFC 114.
HFC 227ea is being developed as a CFC replacement in refrigerants, high temperature heat pumps, air-conditioning systems; as a fire suppressant; and for pharmaceutical aerosols and metered-dose inhalers.
Propellants for medical sprays including: MDIs (Metered Dose Inhalers) also known as pharmaceutical aerosols or asthma sprays for the treatment of asthma, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder) and respiratory infections; nasal sprays for the treatment of allergic rhinitis; foam sprays; oral and topical sprays (e.g. nerve sensitization, tooth vitality, pain relaxation).
PubChem : Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) · 2026-10-29 · Siegemund G et al; Fluorine Compounds, Organic. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 7th ed. (1999-2016). NY, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Online Posting Date: January 28, 2016; Bingham, E.; Cohrssen, B.; Powell, C.H.; Patty's Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, N.Y. (2001)., p. 589; Solvay; Solkane 227 Pharma and Solkane 134a Pharma: HFA Propellants for Medical Use, p.5. Available from, as of March 3, 2016: https://www.solvay.us/en/.
Consumer uses
Flame retardant
Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents)
Industry uses
Fire extinguishing agent
Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents)
No natural occurrence recorded in Wikidata (LOTUS database); this does not prove that the ingredient is synthetic.
Basis: one CosIng CAS, with no natural occurrence recorded in this database.
Wikidata: names of substances in six languages and taxa in which they occur (largely from the LOTUS database), retrieved 23 October 2026.
Manufacturing
Monohydroperfluoroalkanes can be obtained by adding hydrogen fluoride to perfluoroalkenes (e.g., CF3-CHF-CF3, HFC 227ea) or by decarboxylation of perfluorocarboxylates in the presence of proton donors.
The method for the manufacture of HFC-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane involves the addition of HF to hexafluoropropene in the gas phase. The best gas-phase catalyst is Cr2O3, derived from the pyrolysis of ammonium dichromate. This catalyst is known to have a very high surface area (>200 sq m/g) and large pore volume (0.25 cm3/g). ... Under these conditions, the product obtained contains < 10 ppm of the highly toxic perfluoroisobutylene. Activated carbon, which has a very high surface area (500-1500 sq m/g), was found to be very selective in adsorbing perfluoroisobutylene in the presence of heptafluoropropane. The fluorination of hexafluoropropylene can also be carried out in the liquid phase, using SbF5 or tributylamine as the catalysts, to produce very high purity heptafluoropropane (>99.95% and 99.999%, respectively) without the formation of perfluoroisobutylene.
PubChem : Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) · 2026-10-29 · Siegemund G et al; Fluorine Compounds, Organic. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 7th ed. (1999-2016). NY, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Online Posting Date: January 28, 2016; Elsheikh MY et al; Hydrofluorocarbons. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (1999-2016). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Online Posting Date: April 15, 2005.
Appearance
Colorless gas
Liquid
Odour described
Light ethereal odor
Stability
The product is stable. ... Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous reactions will not occur.
Other names: 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (French), apaflurane (English), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluorpropan (German), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropano (Spanish), eptafluoropropano (Italian).
Wikidata: names of substances in six languages and taxa in which they occur (largely from the LOTUS database), retrieved 23 October 2026.
Open Beauty Facts, export of cosmetic products, retrieved 23 October 2026.
Data “Open Beauty Facts and its contributors”, licensed under ODbL 1.0 (opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0); derived table distributed under the same licence.
The text of the annexes
No specific rule of the EU Cosmetics Regulation names this ingredient: it is on none of its lists (prohibited, restricted, colorants, preservatives, UV filters). It may be used under the responsibility of the manufacturer, who must ensure the product is safe.
Search in Annexes II to VI. CosIng, Annex II of Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 (prohibited substances), retrieved 23 October 2026, source updated 13 October 2026.
Identity
- CosIng identifier
- 56417
- CAS (according to CosIng)
- 431-89-0
- EC (according to CosIng)
- 207-079-2
- Declared functions
- Propellant
- Wikidata
- Q2683759
- PubChem
- 67940
- ECHA InfoCard
- 100.006.437
- InChIKey
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CosIng inventory. CosIng, inventory of cosmetic ingredients (INCI names, CAS, EC, functions), retrieved 21 October 2026.
Wikidata, items with a CosIng identifier (P3073), retrieved 22 October 2026.
Wikidata, PubChem and ECHAEuropean Chemicals Agency. links are published only when verified: same CosIng identifier, a single item, matching CAS number.
Elsewhere in the world
Information on other jurisdictions, with no effect on sale in France. What is covered, and what is not yet.
Comparison between countries
Most restrictive status in each country, and the maximum concentration cited. The details and the source of each rule follow.
| Country | Rule | Maximum concentration cited |
|---|---|---|
| European Union | No specific rule in the Cosmetics Regulation | not cited |
| United Kingdom | No specific rule in the Cosmetics Regulation | not cited |
| Switzerland | EU Regulation applies | not cited |
| United States (federal) | No federal rule recorded | not cited |
| Canada | No entry in the lists recorded | not cited |
| Japan | No entry in the lists recorded | not cited |
| South Korea | No entry in the lists recorded | not cited |
| China | Not on the prohibited lists recorded (lists of allowed substances are not recorded) | not cited |
| Australia | No entry in the lists recorded | not cited |
| ASEAN | No entry in the lists recorded | not cited |
| Taiwan | No entry in the lists recorded | not cited |
| Brazil | No entry in the lists recorded | not cited |
United Kingdom (Great Britain)
- No specific rule in the Cosmetics Regulation
Annexes II to VI in force. United Kingdom, Annexes II to VI of Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 as retained and amended, retrieved 21 October 2026.
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Northern Ireland applies EU law.
Switzerland
Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 applies in Switzerland (Article 54 of the Ordinance on Foodstuffs and Utility Articles).
Switzerland, FDHA Ordinance on Cosmetic Products (OCos, SR 817.023.31), consolidated version, retrieved 22 October 2026.
United States, federal rules
None of the integrated sections of the federal code (21 CFR 700.11 to 700.27 and 250.250) targets this name. The FDA does not publish a list of allowed ingredients.
United States, 21 CFR part 700 and section 250.250 (FDA rules on cosmetic ingredients), eCFR, retrieved 21 October 2026.
The eCFR is not an official legal edition of the Code of Federal Regulations.
Glossary: Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2025/1175. Page updated on 23 October 2026.